jsonwebtoken/pem/
decoder.rs

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
140
141
142
143
144
145
146
147
148
149
150
151
152
153
154
155
156
157
158
159
160
161
162
163
164
165
166
167
168
169
170
171
172
173
174
175
176
177
178
179
180
181
182
183
184
185
186
187
188
189
190
191
192
193
194
195
196
197
198
199
200
201
202
203
204
205
206
207
208
209
210
211
212
213
214
215
216
217
218
219
220
221
222
223
224
225
226
227
228
229
230
231
232
233
234
235
236
237
238
239
240
241
use crate::errors::{ErrorKind, Result};

/// Supported PEM files for EC and RSA Public and Private Keys
#[derive(Debug, PartialEq)]
enum PemType {
    EcPublic,
    EcPrivate,
    RsaPublic,
    RsaPrivate,
    EdPublic,
    EdPrivate,
}

#[derive(Debug, PartialEq)]
enum Standard {
    // Only for RSA
    Pkcs1,
    // RSA/EC
    Pkcs8,
}

#[derive(Debug, PartialEq)]
enum Classification {
    Ec,
    Ed,
    Rsa,
}

/// The return type of a successful PEM encoded key with `decode_pem`
///
/// This struct gives a way to parse a string to a key for use in jsonwebtoken.
/// A struct is necessary as it provides the lifetime of the key
///
/// PEM public private keys are encoded PKCS#1 or PKCS#8
/// You will find that with PKCS#8 RSA keys that the PKCS#1 content
/// is embedded inside. This is what is provided to ring via `Key::Der`
/// For EC keys, they are always PKCS#8 on the outside but like RSA keys
/// EC keys contain a section within that ultimately has the configuration
/// that ring uses.
/// Documentation about these formats is at
/// PKCS#1: https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc8017
/// PKCS#8: https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc5958
#[derive(Debug)]
pub(crate) struct PemEncodedKey {
    content: Vec<u8>,
    asn1: Vec<simple_asn1::ASN1Block>,
    pem_type: PemType,
    standard: Standard,
}

impl PemEncodedKey {
    /// Read the PEM file for later key use
    pub fn new(input: &[u8]) -> Result<PemEncodedKey> {
        match pem::parse(input) {
            Ok(content) => {
                let pem_contents = content.contents;
                let asn1_content = match simple_asn1::from_der(pem_contents.as_slice()) {
                    Ok(asn1) => asn1,
                    Err(_) => return Err(ErrorKind::InvalidKeyFormat.into()),
                };

                match content.tag.as_ref() {
                    // This handles a PKCS#1 RSA Private key
                    "RSA PRIVATE KEY" => Ok(PemEncodedKey {
                        content: pem_contents,
                        asn1: asn1_content,
                        pem_type: PemType::RsaPrivate,
                        standard: Standard::Pkcs1,
                    }),
                    "RSA PUBLIC KEY" => Ok(PemEncodedKey {
                        content: pem_contents,
                        asn1: asn1_content,
                        pem_type: PemType::RsaPublic,
                        standard: Standard::Pkcs1,
                    }),

                    // No "EC PRIVATE KEY"
                    // https://security.stackexchange.com/questions/84327/converting-ecc-private-key-to-pkcs1-format
                    // "there is no such thing as a "PKCS#1 format" for elliptic curve (EC) keys"

                    // This handles PKCS#8 certificates and public & private keys
                    tag @ "PRIVATE KEY" | tag @ "PUBLIC KEY" | tag @ "CERTIFICATE" => {
                        match classify_pem(&asn1_content) {
                            Some(c) => {
                                let is_private = tag == "PRIVATE KEY";
                                let pem_type = match c {
                                    Classification::Ec => {
                                        if is_private {
                                            PemType::EcPrivate
                                        } else {
                                            PemType::EcPublic
                                        }
                                    }
                                    Classification::Ed => {
                                        if is_private {
                                            PemType::EdPrivate
                                        } else {
                                            PemType::EdPublic
                                        }
                                    }
                                    Classification::Rsa => {
                                        if is_private {
                                            PemType::RsaPrivate
                                        } else {
                                            PemType::RsaPublic
                                        }
                                    }
                                };
                                Ok(PemEncodedKey {
                                    content: pem_contents,
                                    asn1: asn1_content,
                                    pem_type,
                                    standard: Standard::Pkcs8,
                                })
                            }
                            None => Err(ErrorKind::InvalidKeyFormat.into()),
                        }
                    }

                    // Unknown/unsupported type
                    _ => Err(ErrorKind::InvalidKeyFormat.into()),
                }
            }
            Err(_) => Err(ErrorKind::InvalidKeyFormat.into()),
        }
    }

    /// Can only be PKCS8
    pub fn as_ec_private_key(&self) -> Result<&[u8]> {
        match self.standard {
            Standard::Pkcs1 => Err(ErrorKind::InvalidKeyFormat.into()),
            Standard::Pkcs8 => match self.pem_type {
                PemType::EcPrivate => Ok(self.content.as_slice()),
                _ => Err(ErrorKind::InvalidKeyFormat.into()),
            },
        }
    }

    /// Can only be PKCS8
    pub fn as_ec_public_key(&self) -> Result<&[u8]> {
        match self.standard {
            Standard::Pkcs1 => Err(ErrorKind::InvalidKeyFormat.into()),
            Standard::Pkcs8 => match self.pem_type {
                PemType::EcPublic => extract_first_bitstring(&self.asn1),
                _ => Err(ErrorKind::InvalidKeyFormat.into()),
            },
        }
    }

    /// Can only be PKCS8
    pub fn as_ed_private_key(&self) -> Result<&[u8]> {
        match self.standard {
            Standard::Pkcs1 => Err(ErrorKind::InvalidKeyFormat.into()),
            Standard::Pkcs8 => match self.pem_type {
                PemType::EdPrivate => Ok(self.content.as_slice()),
                _ => Err(ErrorKind::InvalidKeyFormat.into()),
            },
        }
    }

    /// Can only be PKCS8
    pub fn as_ed_public_key(&self) -> Result<&[u8]> {
        match self.standard {
            Standard::Pkcs1 => Err(ErrorKind::InvalidKeyFormat.into()),
            Standard::Pkcs8 => match self.pem_type {
                PemType::EdPublic => extract_first_bitstring(&self.asn1),
                _ => Err(ErrorKind::InvalidKeyFormat.into()),
            },
        }
    }

    /// Can be PKCS1 or PKCS8
    pub fn as_rsa_key(&self) -> Result<&[u8]> {
        match self.standard {
            Standard::Pkcs1 => Ok(self.content.as_slice()),
            Standard::Pkcs8 => match self.pem_type {
                PemType::RsaPrivate => extract_first_bitstring(&self.asn1),
                PemType::RsaPublic => extract_first_bitstring(&self.asn1),
                _ => Err(ErrorKind::InvalidKeyFormat.into()),
            },
        }
    }
}

// This really just finds and returns the first bitstring or octet string
// Which is the x coordinate for EC public keys
// And the DER contents of an RSA key
// Though PKCS#11 keys shouldn't have anything else.
// It will get confusing with certificates.
fn extract_first_bitstring(asn1: &[simple_asn1::ASN1Block]) -> Result<&[u8]> {
    for asn1_entry in asn1.iter() {
        match asn1_entry {
            simple_asn1::ASN1Block::Sequence(_, entries) => {
                if let Ok(result) = extract_first_bitstring(entries) {
                    return Ok(result);
                }
            }
            simple_asn1::ASN1Block::BitString(_, _, value) => {
                return Ok(value.as_ref());
            }
            simple_asn1::ASN1Block::OctetString(_, value) => {
                return Ok(value.as_ref());
            }
            _ => (),
        }
    }

    Err(ErrorKind::InvalidEcdsaKey.into())
}

/// Find whether this is EC, RSA, or Ed
fn classify_pem(asn1: &[simple_asn1::ASN1Block]) -> Option<Classification> {
    // These should be constant but the macro requires
    // #![feature(const_vec_new)]
    let ec_public_key_oid = simple_asn1::oid!(1, 2, 840, 10_045, 2, 1);
    let rsa_public_key_oid = simple_asn1::oid!(1, 2, 840, 113_549, 1, 1, 1);
    let ed25519_oid = simple_asn1::oid!(1, 3, 101, 112);

    for asn1_entry in asn1.iter() {
        match asn1_entry {
            simple_asn1::ASN1Block::Sequence(_, entries) => {
                if let Some(classification) = classify_pem(entries) {
                    return Some(classification);
                }
            }
            simple_asn1::ASN1Block::ObjectIdentifier(_, oid) => {
                if oid == ec_public_key_oid {
                    return Some(Classification::Ec);
                }
                if oid == rsa_public_key_oid {
                    return Some(Classification::Rsa);
                }
                if oid == ed25519_oid {
                    return Some(Classification::Ed);
                }
            }
            _ => {}
        }
    }
    None
}