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use crate::io::interest::Interest;
use crate::io::ready::Ready;
use crate::loom::sync::atomic::AtomicUsize;
use crate::loom::sync::Mutex;
use crate::runtime::io::{Direction, ReadyEvent, Tick};
use crate::util::bit;
use crate::util::linked_list::{self, LinkedList};
use crate::util::WakeList;
use std::cell::UnsafeCell;
use std::future::Future;
use std::marker::PhantomPinned;
use std::pin::Pin;
use std::ptr::NonNull;
use std::sync::atomic::Ordering::{AcqRel, Acquire};
use std::task::{Context, Poll, Waker};
/// Stored in the I/O driver resource slab.
#[derive(Debug)]
// # This struct should be cache padded to avoid false sharing. The cache padding rules are copied
// from crossbeam-utils/src/cache_padded.rs
//
// Starting from Intel's Sandy Bridge, spatial prefetcher is now pulling pairs of 64-byte cache
// lines at a time, so we have to align to 128 bytes rather than 64.
//
// Sources:
// - https://www.intel.com/content/dam/www/public/us/en/documents/manuals/64-ia-32-architectures-optimization-manual.pdf
// - https://github.com/facebook/folly/blob/1b5288e6eea6df074758f877c849b6e73bbb9fbb/folly/lang/Align.h#L107
//
// ARM's big.LITTLE architecture has asymmetric cores and "big" cores have 128-byte cache line size.
//
// Sources:
// - https://www.mono-project.com/news/2016/09/12/arm64-icache/
//
// powerpc64 has 128-byte cache line size.
//
// Sources:
// - https://github.com/golang/go/blob/3dd58676054223962cd915bb0934d1f9f489d4d2/src/internal/cpu/cpu_ppc64x.go#L9
#[cfg_attr(
any(
target_arch = "x86_64",
target_arch = "aarch64",
target_arch = "powerpc64",
),
repr(align(128))
)]
// arm, mips, mips64, sparc, and hexagon have 32-byte cache line size.
//
// Sources:
// - https://github.com/golang/go/blob/3dd58676054223962cd915bb0934d1f9f489d4d2/src/internal/cpu/cpu_arm.go#L7
// - https://github.com/golang/go/blob/3dd58676054223962cd915bb0934d1f9f489d4d2/src/internal/cpu/cpu_mips.go#L7
// - https://github.com/golang/go/blob/3dd58676054223962cd915bb0934d1f9f489d4d2/src/internal/cpu/cpu_mipsle.go#L7
// - https://github.com/golang/go/blob/3dd58676054223962cd915bb0934d1f9f489d4d2/src/internal/cpu/cpu_mips64x.go#L9
// - https://github.com/torvalds/linux/blob/3516bd729358a2a9b090c1905bd2a3fa926e24c6/arch/sparc/include/asm/cache.h#L17
// - https://github.com/torvalds/linux/blob/3516bd729358a2a9b090c1905bd2a3fa926e24c6/arch/hexagon/include/asm/cache.h#L12
#[cfg_attr(
any(
target_arch = "arm",
target_arch = "mips",
target_arch = "mips64",
target_arch = "sparc",
target_arch = "hexagon",
),
repr(align(32))
)]
// m68k has 16-byte cache line size.
//
// Sources:
// - https://github.com/torvalds/linux/blob/3516bd729358a2a9b090c1905bd2a3fa926e24c6/arch/m68k/include/asm/cache.h#L9
#[cfg_attr(target_arch = "m68k", repr(align(16)))]
// s390x has 256-byte cache line size.
//
// Sources:
// - https://github.com/golang/go/blob/3dd58676054223962cd915bb0934d1f9f489d4d2/src/internal/cpu/cpu_s390x.go#L7
// - https://github.com/torvalds/linux/blob/3516bd729358a2a9b090c1905bd2a3fa926e24c6/arch/s390/include/asm/cache.h#L13
#[cfg_attr(target_arch = "s390x", repr(align(256)))]
// x86, riscv, wasm, and sparc64 have 64-byte cache line size.
//
// Sources:
// - https://github.com/golang/go/blob/dda2991c2ea0c5914714469c4defc2562a907230/src/internal/cpu/cpu_x86.go#L9
// - https://github.com/golang/go/blob/3dd58676054223962cd915bb0934d1f9f489d4d2/src/internal/cpu/cpu_wasm.go#L7
// - https://github.com/torvalds/linux/blob/3516bd729358a2a9b090c1905bd2a3fa926e24c6/arch/sparc/include/asm/cache.h#L19
// - https://github.com/torvalds/linux/blob/3516bd729358a2a9b090c1905bd2a3fa926e24c6/arch/riscv/include/asm/cache.h#L10
//
// All others are assumed to have 64-byte cache line size.
#[cfg_attr(
not(any(
target_arch = "x86_64",
target_arch = "aarch64",
target_arch = "powerpc64",
target_arch = "arm",
target_arch = "mips",
target_arch = "mips64",
target_arch = "sparc",
target_arch = "hexagon",
target_arch = "m68k",
target_arch = "s390x",
)),
repr(align(64))
)]
pub(crate) struct ScheduledIo {
pub(super) linked_list_pointers: UnsafeCell<linked_list::Pointers<Self>>,
/// Packs the resource's readiness and I/O driver latest tick.
readiness: AtomicUsize,
waiters: Mutex<Waiters>,
}
type WaitList = LinkedList<Waiter, <Waiter as linked_list::Link>::Target>;
#[derive(Debug, Default)]
struct Waiters {
/// List of all current waiters.
list: WaitList,
/// Waker used for `AsyncRead`.
reader: Option<Waker>,
/// Waker used for `AsyncWrite`.
writer: Option<Waker>,
}
#[derive(Debug)]
struct Waiter {
pointers: linked_list::Pointers<Waiter>,
/// The waker for this task.
waker: Option<Waker>,
/// The interest this waiter is waiting on.
interest: Interest,
is_ready: bool,
/// Should never be `!Unpin`.
_p: PhantomPinned,
}
generate_addr_of_methods! {
impl<> Waiter {
unsafe fn addr_of_pointers(self: NonNull<Self>) -> NonNull<linked_list::Pointers<Waiter>> {
&self.pointers
}
}
}
/// Future returned by `readiness()`.
struct Readiness<'a> {
scheduled_io: &'a ScheduledIo,
state: State,
/// Entry in the waiter `LinkedList`.
waiter: UnsafeCell<Waiter>,
}
enum State {
Init,
Waiting,
Done,
}
// The `ScheduledIo::readiness` (`AtomicUsize`) is packed full of goodness.
//
// | shutdown | driver tick | readiness |
// |----------+-------------+-----------|
// | 1 bit | 15 bits + 16 bits |
const READINESS: bit::Pack = bit::Pack::least_significant(16);
const TICK: bit::Pack = READINESS.then(15);
const SHUTDOWN: bit::Pack = TICK.then(1);
// ===== impl ScheduledIo =====
impl Default for ScheduledIo {
fn default() -> ScheduledIo {
ScheduledIo {
linked_list_pointers: UnsafeCell::new(linked_list::Pointers::new()),
readiness: AtomicUsize::new(0),
waiters: Mutex::new(Waiters::default()),
}
}
}
impl ScheduledIo {
pub(crate) fn token(&self) -> mio::Token {
mio::Token(super::EXPOSE_IO.expose_provenance(self))
}
/// Invoked when the IO driver is shut down; forces this `ScheduledIo` into a
/// permanently shutdown state.
pub(super) fn shutdown(&self) {
let mask = SHUTDOWN.pack(1, 0);
self.readiness.fetch_or(mask, AcqRel);
self.wake(Ready::ALL);
}
/// Sets the readiness on this `ScheduledIo` by invoking the given closure on
/// the current value, returning the previous readiness value.
///
/// # Arguments
/// - `tick`: whether setting the tick or trying to clear readiness for a
/// specific tick.
/// - `f`: a closure returning a new readiness value given the previous
/// readiness.
pub(super) fn set_readiness(&self, tick: Tick, f: impl Fn(Ready) -> Ready) {
let mut current = self.readiness.load(Acquire);
// If the io driver is shut down, then you are only allowed to clear readiness.
debug_assert!(SHUTDOWN.unpack(current) == 0 || matches!(tick, Tick::Clear(_)));
loop {
// Mask out the tick bits so that the modifying function doesn't see
// them.
let current_readiness = Ready::from_usize(current);
let new = f(current_readiness);
let new_tick = match tick {
Tick::Set => {
let current = TICK.unpack(current);
current.wrapping_add(1) % (TICK.max_value() + 1)
}
Tick::Clear(t) => {
if TICK.unpack(current) as u8 != t {
// Trying to clear readiness with an old event!
return;
}
t as usize
}
};
let next = TICK.pack(new_tick, new.as_usize());
match self
.readiness
.compare_exchange(current, next, AcqRel, Acquire)
{
Ok(_) => return,
// we lost the race, retry!
Err(actual) => current = actual,
}
}
}
/// Notifies all pending waiters that have registered interest in `ready`.
///
/// There may be many waiters to notify. Waking the pending task **must** be
/// done from outside of the lock otherwise there is a potential for a
/// deadlock.
///
/// A stack array of wakers is created and filled with wakers to notify, the
/// lock is released, and the wakers are notified. Because there may be more
/// than 32 wakers to notify, if the stack array fills up, the lock is
/// released, the array is cleared, and the iteration continues.
pub(super) fn wake(&self, ready: Ready) {
let mut wakers = WakeList::new();
let mut waiters = self.waiters.lock();
// check for AsyncRead slot
if ready.is_readable() {
if let Some(waker) = waiters.reader.take() {
wakers.push(waker);
}
}
// check for AsyncWrite slot
if ready.is_writable() {
if let Some(waker) = waiters.writer.take() {
wakers.push(waker);
}
}
'outer: loop {
let mut iter = waiters.list.drain_filter(|w| ready.satisfies(w.interest));
while wakers.can_push() {
match iter.next() {
Some(waiter) => {
let waiter = unsafe { &mut *waiter.as_ptr() };
if let Some(waker) = waiter.waker.take() {
waiter.is_ready = true;
wakers.push(waker);
}
}
None => {
break 'outer;
}
}
}
drop(waiters);
wakers.wake_all();
// Acquire the lock again.
waiters = self.waiters.lock();
}
// Release the lock before notifying
drop(waiters);
wakers.wake_all();
}
pub(super) fn ready_event(&self, interest: Interest) -> ReadyEvent {
let curr = self.readiness.load(Acquire);
ReadyEvent {
tick: TICK.unpack(curr) as u8,
ready: interest.mask() & Ready::from_usize(READINESS.unpack(curr)),
is_shutdown: SHUTDOWN.unpack(curr) != 0,
}
}
/// Polls for readiness events in a given direction.
///
/// These are to support `AsyncRead` and `AsyncWrite` polling methods,
/// which cannot use the `async fn` version. This uses reserved reader
/// and writer slots.
pub(super) fn poll_readiness(
&self,
cx: &mut Context<'_>,
direction: Direction,
) -> Poll<ReadyEvent> {
let curr = self.readiness.load(Acquire);
let ready = direction.mask() & Ready::from_usize(READINESS.unpack(curr));
let is_shutdown = SHUTDOWN.unpack(curr) != 0;
if ready.is_empty() && !is_shutdown {
// Update the task info
let mut waiters = self.waiters.lock();
let slot = match direction {
Direction::Read => &mut waiters.reader,
Direction::Write => &mut waiters.writer,
};
// Avoid cloning the waker if one is already stored that matches the
// current task.
match slot {
Some(existing) => {
if !existing.will_wake(cx.waker()) {
existing.clone_from(cx.waker());
}
}
None => {
*slot = Some(cx.waker().clone());
}
}
// Try again, in case the readiness was changed while we were
// taking the waiters lock
let curr = self.readiness.load(Acquire);
let ready = direction.mask() & Ready::from_usize(READINESS.unpack(curr));
let is_shutdown = SHUTDOWN.unpack(curr) != 0;
if is_shutdown {
Poll::Ready(ReadyEvent {
tick: TICK.unpack(curr) as u8,
ready: direction.mask(),
is_shutdown,
})
} else if ready.is_empty() {
Poll::Pending
} else {
Poll::Ready(ReadyEvent {
tick: TICK.unpack(curr) as u8,
ready,
is_shutdown,
})
}
} else {
Poll::Ready(ReadyEvent {
tick: TICK.unpack(curr) as u8,
ready,
is_shutdown,
})
}
}
pub(crate) fn clear_readiness(&self, event: ReadyEvent) {
// This consumes the current readiness state **except** for closed
// states. Closed states are excluded because they are final states.
let mask_no_closed = event.ready - Ready::READ_CLOSED - Ready::WRITE_CLOSED;
self.set_readiness(Tick::Clear(event.tick), |curr| curr - mask_no_closed);
}
pub(crate) fn clear_wakers(&self) {
let mut waiters = self.waiters.lock();
waiters.reader.take();
waiters.writer.take();
}
}
impl Drop for ScheduledIo {
fn drop(&mut self) {
self.wake(Ready::ALL);
}
}
unsafe impl Send for ScheduledIo {}
unsafe impl Sync for ScheduledIo {}
impl ScheduledIo {
/// An async version of `poll_readiness` which uses a linked list of wakers.
pub(crate) async fn readiness(&self, interest: Interest) -> ReadyEvent {
self.readiness_fut(interest).await
}
// This is in a separate function so that the borrow checker doesn't think
// we are borrowing the `UnsafeCell` possibly over await boundaries.
//
// Go figure.
fn readiness_fut(&self, interest: Interest) -> Readiness<'_> {
Readiness {
scheduled_io: self,
state: State::Init,
waiter: UnsafeCell::new(Waiter {
pointers: linked_list::Pointers::new(),
waker: None,
is_ready: false,
interest,
_p: PhantomPinned,
}),
}
}
}
unsafe impl linked_list::Link for Waiter {
type Handle = NonNull<Waiter>;
type Target = Waiter;
fn as_raw(handle: &NonNull<Waiter>) -> NonNull<Waiter> {
*handle
}
unsafe fn from_raw(ptr: NonNull<Waiter>) -> NonNull<Waiter> {
ptr
}
unsafe fn pointers(target: NonNull<Waiter>) -> NonNull<linked_list::Pointers<Waiter>> {
Waiter::addr_of_pointers(target)
}
}
// ===== impl Readiness =====
impl Future for Readiness<'_> {
type Output = ReadyEvent;
fn poll(self: Pin<&mut Self>, cx: &mut Context<'_>) -> Poll<Self::Output> {
use std::sync::atomic::Ordering::SeqCst;
let (scheduled_io, state, waiter) = unsafe {
let me = self.get_unchecked_mut();
(&me.scheduled_io, &mut me.state, &me.waiter)
};
loop {
match *state {
State::Init => {
// Optimistically check existing readiness
let curr = scheduled_io.readiness.load(SeqCst);
let ready = Ready::from_usize(READINESS.unpack(curr));
let is_shutdown = SHUTDOWN.unpack(curr) != 0;
// Safety: `waiter.interest` never changes
let interest = unsafe { (*waiter.get()).interest };
let ready = ready.intersection(interest);
if !ready.is_empty() || is_shutdown {
// Currently ready!
let tick = TICK.unpack(curr) as u8;
*state = State::Done;
return Poll::Ready(ReadyEvent {
tick,
ready,
is_shutdown,
});
}
// Wasn't ready, take the lock (and check again while locked).
let mut waiters = scheduled_io.waiters.lock();
let curr = scheduled_io.readiness.load(SeqCst);
let mut ready = Ready::from_usize(READINESS.unpack(curr));
let is_shutdown = SHUTDOWN.unpack(curr) != 0;
if is_shutdown {
ready = Ready::ALL;
}
let ready = ready.intersection(interest);
if !ready.is_empty() || is_shutdown {
// Currently ready!
let tick = TICK.unpack(curr) as u8;
*state = State::Done;
return Poll::Ready(ReadyEvent {
tick,
ready,
is_shutdown,
});
}
// Not ready even after locked, insert into list...
// Safety: called while locked
unsafe {
(*waiter.get()).waker = Some(cx.waker().clone());
}
// Insert the waiter into the linked list
//
// safety: pointers from `UnsafeCell` are never null.
waiters
.list
.push_front(unsafe { NonNull::new_unchecked(waiter.get()) });
*state = State::Waiting;
}
State::Waiting => {
// Currently in the "Waiting" state, implying the caller has
// a waiter stored in the waiter list (guarded by
// `notify.waiters`). In order to access the waker fields,
// we must hold the lock.
let waiters = scheduled_io.waiters.lock();
// Safety: called while locked
let w = unsafe { &mut *waiter.get() };
if w.is_ready {
// Our waker has been notified.
*state = State::Done;
} else {
// Update the waker, if necessary.
if !w.waker.as_ref().unwrap().will_wake(cx.waker()) {
w.waker = Some(cx.waker().clone());
}
return Poll::Pending;
}
// Explicit drop of the lock to indicate the scope that the
// lock is held. Because holding the lock is required to
// ensure safe access to fields not held within the lock, it
// is helpful to visualize the scope of the critical
// section.
drop(waiters);
}
State::Done => {
// Safety: State::Done means it is no longer shared
let w = unsafe { &mut *waiter.get() };
let curr = scheduled_io.readiness.load(Acquire);
let is_shutdown = SHUTDOWN.unpack(curr) != 0;
// The returned tick might be newer than the event
// which notified our waker. This is ok because the future
// still didn't return `Poll::Ready`.
let tick = TICK.unpack(curr) as u8;
// The readiness state could have been cleared in the meantime,
// but we allow the returned ready set to be empty.
let curr_ready = Ready::from_usize(READINESS.unpack(curr));
let ready = curr_ready.intersection(w.interest);
return Poll::Ready(ReadyEvent {
tick,
ready,
is_shutdown,
});
}
}
}
}
}
impl Drop for Readiness<'_> {
fn drop(&mut self) {
let mut waiters = self.scheduled_io.waiters.lock();
// Safety: `waiter` is only ever stored in `waiters`
unsafe {
waiters
.list
.remove(NonNull::new_unchecked(self.waiter.get()))
};
}
}
unsafe impl Send for Readiness<'_> {}
unsafe impl Sync for Readiness<'_> {}